CorpusRecord 61326

Fort Edward Board of Education Meeting 07/01/2025

A searchable transcript preserved as part of the Discourse Corpus. Passage numbers provide stable references within this record; verify quotations against the original recording when available.

Source
YouTube / Fort Edward School District
Date
2025-07-02
Location
Washington County, NY
Material
Transcript
Extent
4,495 words · about 25 min
Collected
2026-06-08

Transcript

Verbatim source text

001Waiting for your go-ahhead to go live. We are broadcasting. United States of America stand here. Sarah is not here all here. here. Ryder is not here. Lisa Carpenter here and Jody here. Great. Next up, election board president vice president. I thought the district was supposed to run. Yeah. Sorry. Um either one of us can run the meeting at this point, but what we are at is looking for nomination. We'll start with um for president. I'll nominate that. That was quick. Okay. vote. Yes. [Music] Great. Thanks. Okay. Now she's supposed to vice president. Yes. So you now can preside over the meeting and then you will look for nominations for the vice president role as well. Okay. Okay. Thanks. We're seeking nominations for vice president. I think Do you have any discussion? Is that what works

002best? All those in favor? Yes. I don't office. Jeopardy music. What's that? Jeopardy music. Can you hear that up? No, motion with modifications. Did you have Did you have I think we want to talk about it. I think we wanted to I saw some emails move um entering into executive session 14A to before. Yes. Okay. Like after acceptance of the agenda before we get into session three. I feel like We want to do section three first which is like the committees or do we want what is the proper do we have can we do we have to accept the agenda before we can move on to other items or Okay. We would have to accept the agenda before we can move on to other items. We can't move on. Okay. accept the agenda with modification

003to moving the executive session in the agenda, right? Okay. So, where do we want to put that in the agenda though? Do we want to go through section well section two, three, and four. And then before we hit section five, we break for executive session. before we hit personel. Yeah. Oh, between six and seven. Between six and seven. Yeah. Okay. Yeah. Can I have a motion to accept the agenda with modifications of moving the executive session up to Section 167. Yeah. Okay. Section three, designation of committee members. I passed it out in a piece of paper just in case it was easier to see it although it was in the agenda and then um I did connect with our two members who aren't in the building today and both of them had indicated that if

004there was room for it they would like to stay on the committees that they are already on. Um and that would be as in all for policy and on athletics and Sarah was on athletics and would like to also stay on um capital project if possible. But I just wanted to note that for you guys while you're discussing what you want to do first. Can I just ask a question because now we're a seven person board. So is there opposition to having three members on a committee versus just two? Uh no, you just can't get to right to have three and not consider that third person at all. Right. So in that case, I'd like to be added to the athletic comm. Thank you. I could do on it. Okay. I can also do that.

005Ken, do you want to stay on it? Okay. Is there anybody that is chairing that? Your your previous chairperson is is no longer on that committee. So Tim, Lisa, and they wanted to be on the budget finance committee. Can we develop a chairperson for them? Personnel negotiations. I would like to stay on that committee. And then we have John and then you want to see the chair. Sure. I care. That's fine. We have policy review. It's Tim, myself, and the alternate is I would say I'll step off this one. Anybody want Sarah's there? Term capital project John Ken and then Sarah. I wouldn't mind doing that one. Okay. I think that's a Sarah Terra and then you want to be the chair first. Sorry. The budget finance. I'm sorry. I saw one in your hand

006and I saw one in your hand. Skipped you over. Thank you. Um move on to reports. the superintendence report. Thank you, Audrey. Um, we have an obligation with our district-wide safety plan to open it for public comment during the summer uh for 30 days. We have done so. That plan was written with our contract with NEM, who provides all of our uh consulting and expertise in in school safety, and they review state policies and things. They have been uh reviewing all of our plans, both our building level as well as our district-wide safety plan. There are no dramatic changes to our plans and procedures that we have in place other than going in and changing the names of staff that are involved in certain aspects of the safety plan, but it has to be open

007for 30 days, which we will have posted on the website that it's open for people to make comments on. Uh and then in our in a board meeting in August, we will have a small snippet of the board meeting be formally a public hearing uh for that and then we adopt it and that's our plan going forward. Um if we had uh substantive changes to any of our safety plans, we would be presenting those to you before we opened it up to our public. But um we meet monthly with an emergency team here uh and with NEM who sends their consultant with us and we don't have any uh dramatic changes to our plan. So that is uh something we will have to do logistically this summer. Uh I shared out with you earlier this

008week with some updates and one of those was the fact that our capital project has gone through all the engineering uh review and now it's to the financial piece of the project uh with the intent of getting sign off from the financial part of SED this summer so that we then can have authorization to go to bid late fall which is a great time from a construction standpoint As contractors are coming off a busy summer and they're planning next year's construction season, going to bid in the fall is the most uh beneficial to get the best pricing. Um, we will have a presentation from Tetrate Tech uh and the other agencies involved with designing this project to come in um early in the fall, probably in September, early October at the latest to do a

009full presentation for everybody as to where we are, what it totally entails, what are some of the new timelines that are in place with the construction beginning next uh yeah, next So, we will be going into full construction next summer and then um it slows down through the regular school year a little bit and then finishes up the following summer. Lisa, question is that meeting that's set for well supposed to be set for the end of September, early October. Is that open to the community? Is that just the board? It'll be to you as board members. Uh so it'll be open to the public as needed and you know we can we can post it on the website and things so people can see it because it's been uniquely such a long period of time

010from when we went to vote to when the public's going to see shovels in the ground. It probably would be a good refresher for the public to get an update on what's included in that project. Okay. Thanks. Yep. uh of course been a lot of hiring as several of the the uh people that have been hired and offered positions are on the agenda. So a great deal of work's been involved in that. And then uh graduation of course Friday night was a wonderful event to honor those graduates and I appreciate those of you who could who could make it uh that evening. And um that one's in the books for the class of 2025. Um, and I thought it went well even with a little bit of snafu with the envelopes for our scholarships. You

011know, it kind of, you know, we we had a little fun with it. So, it was fun. But I appreciate everybody's involvement with that. Uh, as well, uh, the secondary principal/athletic administrator closes on Friday. There currently are 10 applicants in the hopper who have made official application for that position. And that's all. Thank you. Um the business office report. Yes, thank you very much. Uh business office is hopping very crazy and busy, but this is a good time of year. A lot of things are getting done, but we are finishing the grant work on the 611 and 619 grants and we are um beginning the process of the UPK. Um all those are the earlier grants. Then titles are later in the summer. Uh payrolls uh were kind of a little crazy again. We had

012the last and the first. So, it's just the uh changing of the guard and a lot of uh just complicated pieces, but we were able to do it. And again, I would just like to send out a thank you to my wonderful team uh Michelle Sherwood and Ron Black for again getting all this work uh done. Uh we sent out the mini bids through the New York State vehicle marketplace and we um have been voter approved for the three minivans for this coming year. Uh we are still finalizing the 2425 school year with our closing of the books. Uh we're almost at that process to be done and now we're starting the 25 26 year with uh requisitions and doing uh what we call blanket requisitions for different vendors that we know are contractual and

013things like that. So a lot of uh movable pieces, but we're doing well and we're excited to start the new school year. Thank you. Thank you. Secondary Uh Dr. Kaproski couldn't be here this evening, so I uh and he said it's a it's a fairly small report, but um I told him I deliver it on his behalf. Um the grades and scores from all our regent exams and from the courses at the secondary level are all being implemented and students that um as a result of their testing andor their averages uh that might need to come to summer school for credit recovery are being communicated with. Um we're planning uh everything in place with that with uh Sam Connelly is overseeing our summer credit recovery program that starts next week. Um the good news is

014we have the smallest number of students that are in need of summer credit recovery uh that we've had in quite a few years. So that's a that's a good sign. Um, again, Nick wanted to say thank you to everybody for a wonderful graduation ceremony and thank everyone who was involved in helping with that setup and uh the awards and especially a shout out to all the donors who contributed to our scholarships that went out the door. Um, that was a tremendous effort from families, memorials, businesses. 37 different scholarships went out. Well over $37,000 worth of money also went out with it. Um and a congratulations to the retirees from the district um TA and three teachers and then uh Johno uh officially getting acknowledged for his retirement from school board service. And lastly, the master

015schedule uh graduated on Friday. We come in, we start building next year's master schedule at the high school uh level. And then because there's crossover staff, they then shift focus and go over and we'll start working with with Jessica and her team on building the elementary schedule as well. How many do we have any like further regions exams like any other that like didn't like passing? Um, I can get you an official report for for our next meeting or put it together and send it to you electronically and then we can report it so that we have it to discuss. Um, I know there's some that are being uh evaluated now as they are. So, I would want to give you an accurate report at this time. Thanks. Elementary principles. Well, it has been a

016very active month. So, when I take a look back, just a couple things to go over. Um, grandparents breakfast was a huge success. We had over 200 about 211 grandparents uh come to the event, plus students and a few extras. I want to say a huge shout out to our PTO for sponsoring the event. Thank you so much. Um, we could not have done it without your backing of the event. um our food service team who did an incredible job. Heard tons of compliments from all of the folks who were there. Um our buildings and grounds crew for your quick action and setting up extra room um for us. Our clerical staff for dealing with those large volumes of folks coming through the doors. And I'd also like to give a shout out to our

017National Honor Society student leaders who came and volunteered and were great um you know leaders um volunteering for the event, showing people around and then walking our younger students back to the classroom. So it was a great event. We've already got our wheel spinning on how we can improve upon that and and make it a yearly event. Um we had a lot of graduation ceremonies going on on this side of the house. Our prek um picnic was a great success. Kindergarten graduation, our fifth grade graduation were all very well attended by the community. Um so a great job to all of the folks that were involved in those areas and our music department for um being involved in those things as well. Our international club uh went out with a bang this year and um

018attended a business lunchon. If you haven't seen the pictures on our our website, um we had a business lunchon where we invited a special guest from AAA Northway um to come and talk to us about international travel. The kids had a lot of great questions. Um, and she was able to answer those questions and give them general information about international travel and what to think about and and how to go about getting passports and tips and trick tricks about what to bring and what not to bring when traveling outside the country. So, um, while enjoying a nice, um, Japanese lunch at the Maccato, they had a great time and they were very, very well behaved. They dressed the part professionally and it was a great, it was a pleasure to be there with them representing

019the school. Um, again, I'd like to, um, I'm really excited that our National Honor Society students are stepping it up over the summer. They're going to um continue with the backpack program over the summer and use the leftover items that we have to fill backpacks for our summer academy students. And we have some volunteers who are going to come in and put that in place for the four weeks of the of the summer academy program. And we have a few who have even signed up to do reading buddies. So that was that's going to be a great pairing for those older students and for the younger students. Um we had the Birds of Prey program come here to the school. So thank you to the Ford Ever Free Library for sponsoring that event. Students, faculty,

020and staff absolutely loved that. It was a great way to end the year end the year. We had a um we had a very productive endofear staff meeting on the elementary side, a debrief where we went over our I Ready results. Uh was able to announce that we met our goal for both the reading and the math growth which was exciting. We talked about setting goals for next year. So the wheels are spinning and um we talked about curriculum mapping and um we were able to establish a summer math PLC with a focus on math fluency which through some surveying um the staff feels that that's an area that we need some attention on over here on the elementary side is really mastering those math facts. So, we've got we already have a committee and

021a date set and we're ready to go to tackle some of that work over the summer. So, I'm excited about that. And um then I was able to do like an exit interview at all grade levels to find out how I can best support them throughout the summer. Um so, it was a great way to end the year. Um looking ahead, we have we're gearing up for summer academy. So Christina Bump is is heading that right now. We're breaking records. We currently have as of 4:30 this afternoon, 80 students enrolled prek through 8 for that program. So it's going to be a very busy summer here. It's a space keep camp theme and we start on July 8th and we run through the 31st. Um we've got several groups coming in to do some planning.

022Um we've got our positivity project for planning committee coming in on the 9th. Um we've had we've been invited by News Channel 10 to go down to their um newsroom on July 10th. They would like a student representative to go down and they would like to interview them as well as a couple staff members on our green shield designation which is quite an honor. Um, we've got a science of reading PLC meeting going on and, um, I'm in the work in the middle of kind of designing some of my, um, some principal initiatives that I would like to bring forth to Ben on ways to really focus on attendance, academics, um, and some faculty and staff acknowledgements for the upcoming school year, as well as developing some peer walkthrough checklists. So, all of that is

023happening and I'm honored and excited to take on this new role. So, the last thing is I would like to publicly say thank you to all of my co-workers who surprised me last week with a um send off from the teacher ranks and a welcome into the principal ranks. Very I was taken back by the generosity and and the surprise and the welcome. So, thank you Thank you. Um building maintenance report. Okay. Um very very busy um with everything going on between uh field trips and then and then everything else happening in the school with trying to gear up for graduation. And I will say uh I thought the school looked spectacular. um on all the floors and the guys did a fabulous job. They they really are getting focused on detail. Um so I'm

024I've kind of been pushing for that. Um, so we're we're hiring I'm I'm a little bit nervous right now cuz um we're hiring some summer help to help out, which I'm going to desperately need uh these summer folks uh young people that are coming in to help uh move furniture and and keep things moving forward because there are some rooms this year that we're going to try to tackle also on painting and getting getting we're trying to raise the level of the school overall. So, I've got some painting to do, which I'm uh I hope everybody realizes not not everybody can paint, so I have to be careful on that. I don't like the roll marks on the ceiling. I try to get close, that kind of thing. Um so, um I'm a little bit

025a little bit nervous. Um Paul Paul um is is got to go out. Uh no, please don't comment on that. Please. Okay. Thank you. I'm sorry. Um so I've got I've got some things happening that's going to make make a little me a little nervous on on getting things taken care of. So, um, with that hydro testing on the heat exchanger, thanks to, um, thanks to, uh, Ken on getting me hooked up with RF Gordon. Um, RF Gordon is going to come in and do a hydro test on the unit because it's leaking and they believe that it could be the expansion tank now. So, it's it's not it's not that hard. And um I'm looking forward to hopefully that was going to be big money. So, I'm hoping we can kind of get that

026taken care of. Uh fire inspection is done throughout the school. I was very pleased to see that we had some very minor dings that we got. So, it was very good. That went through and everything was fine. Uh other than that, that's where we are. Thank you. Um discussion items. So a um do we need a motion to start? No. Evaluation of live streaming meetings. How do you guys feel about that? I don't think we need that anymore. I know. We're not in CO, but they can come forcing people to actually come to the meeting. Yeah. Kind of ambivalent, but it seems like it it trains people to kind of passively consume what we do and not not really engage, you know. seems like we consistently don't have community comments and like you said, people

027are just passively watching and maybe if they're here it would foster some conversation from the community. Yeah. Uh Sandy had put together some cuz you saw this was a discussion topic. Sandy Wagner, he put together a chart of um the different things that we have streamed over, you know, the past year, if you will. Um and maybe a little longer than that. Um and again, it doesn't mean they were watched live. It meant, you know, they could have watched them at some other point. But it also has the duration of time that they actually watched. When you think the length of the entire like a typical board meeting, the typical duration though is like six 6 minutes, 7 minutes. So people are going in and watching specifically. Um a segment of the board meeting and

028not necessarily watching the board meeting from start to finish as an engaged member. Mhm. Um and then uh it's about and this is again I don't want to take words out of Sy's mouth but uh he did he he services a lot of schools in the area and so he canvased the districts in the area and it's about 50%. So there's a lot of schools that don't and there are still some that do. So it's it's really each individual board member's preference what serves them the best for where you are. So, if we don't want to, what do we need to do? Do we need to add it to the agenda? Make a motion? Um, how do we stop it? I think, well, I think we need to notify our public, you know, so we

029can do that through, you know, with Ryan Herman and get that word out to everybody. I don't think you have to have a motion. You don't have a policy. You have a policy that says you can live stream, right? But you don't have a policy that says you will and have to. Okay? So it's just a matter about sharing out with the public which we have time and we can do on a consistent basis that going forward after this meeting our meetings will be uh in attendance only. Sounds good. Thank you. Um vice president duties. This was mine on there. Um, I wanted to bring up this idea from a couple months ago of having the vice president do informal mentoring with new board members. Does still seem okay? Just like text or call every

030couple months, check in. Is it necessary? It's one of the things totally optional. I think it's one of the things that like we went to um one of the NISBA events of like how our onboarding is and right all of that and trying to like keep communication with the new board members and what we do and things like that group text serve that purpose that we use now. I feel like that's working pretty good. I mean, that's keeping everybody this way. It's not you're not just separate person, right? I like that better just because everybody's included then and just because maybe we're not new, we still want to know what's going on. Yeah. Yep. That's what I prefer. Yeah, I agree. Doesn't work. And then the other one was um an idea to have the

031vice president attend the agenda planning meetings. Currently, the president meets with the superintendent typically the Friday before the meeting to set the agenda and um come up with, you know, discussion items and stuff. Um I don't particularly care if the if I attend that. It was just an idea to have the vice president attend those. I think we just leave it as is. It always has been. I think that Audrey, I think I'll let you speak to that. If the president knows that they're not going to be able to attend the meeting, maybe the vice president can step in and fill that role, probably would anyway. Yep. Leave it as it is. Mhm. Um adding salary info to personnel appointments. I don't know that. So, I had brought that up in our board in our

032board workshop that sometimes it will say on the board agenda um such and such staff member approved for FE TA contract and then other times it'll say approved for FTA contract but whatever the amount is. I just think for um transparency and historically if you look back especially if it comes to like when you have to cut a position then you have two people you it it just looks better when we have now that we want to cut people but I'm just saying for example it just looks better to do it the same way have consistency throughout the public knowledge anyway I was going to say like every like we New York state followed that we kind of have to do that like in private side of things. So, I wouldn't mind having that on

033there when they appointing them. We could like add their salary. That's all in the agenda. It's I I don't know if there's like a specific reference that I can look back on or there's times prior to you, Keezy. It's just I'm like cuz all of my appointments explicitly like I try to say and you'll know like if you look at this agenda is just I point to the coaching and the steps and the Yeah. It was no that was not against you. It was going back I just think if we just make that a consistent thing that we do no matter who's in that role that that is something that's always done. Yeah. I don't have to email you. What are we doing here? Um, annual policy review. So this motion is specific to the

034policies that are listed there that's been recommended by legal counsel that at the reorganizational meeting because of their pertinance to doing business um that the board, you know, definitively acknowledges that we are aware that we have these policies and if we were to be bringing you changes that you would have reviewed those changes and get them approved. Uh they're policies that currently exist. They're reviewed by other people for compliance and if there were changes, we would have been bringing them to you, acknowledging them ahead of time so that you could put them in place at this reorganizational meeting. Um, and like I said, they dictate a lot of real cornerstone procedures for us for the school year. There are no changes recommended by the state of New York or the auditors going forward. They are

035the exact policies um that are currently written. So that's why they're simply listed here is that there's no recommendations from any of our expertise or people to alter them and they are policies you have to have by regulation as a public school. [Music] Do you mean to accept them on? Yes. Okay. Can I have a motion to accept the annual policy review? Joey Ken, any discussion? All those in favor? I um so I need a motion for us to enter into executive session. Jody and Ken, any discussion? All those in favor? Where do we want to go? We can go to my office if you don't mind the walk and they can all stay here. Okay. [Music] KY the time at 8:05. Thanks for meeting. Lisa made the motion and Ken second executive. Thank you.

036[Music] Okay. Um, so we are at the annual designation consent agenda. I'm going to group all of these together. So, can I have a motion for a through is it TTT TTO Kim and Ken? Any discussion? All those in favor? Um consent agenda. Although the board action is required, it is generally unnecessary to hold discussion on these items with the consent of all members. They are therefore approved and approval is given in one motion. In the event a board member wants to discuss any item, it is moved to an appropriate place on the agenda. Can I get a motion to group A and B together? Ken, Lisa, any discussion? All those in favor? I um nine personnel consent consent agenda. All appointments are subject to t change and compensation proration pending emergency school closing and

037required reductions in force. All coaching appointments are made pending completion and verification of all required coaching credentials with the stipen per feeta contract commensurate and experience and no other salary or benefits. All coaching extracurricular appointments are subject to reduction and compensation preparation pending final student enrollment numbers and pending the outcome of any potential merger and emergency school closing. Can I get a motion for A through KK? Ken, Jody, any discussion? All those in favor? Um, I just do the coaching consent agenda. [Music] Okay. There's so many on here. Coaching consent agenda. All appointments are subject to change in compensation, proration funding, emergency school closing, and required reductions in force. All coaching appointments are made pending completion and verification of all required coaching credentials with a statement per FEA contract commensurate with experience and no other

038salary or benefits. called coaching. Extracurricular appointments are subject to reduction and compensation proation pending final student enrollment numbers impending the outcome of any potential mergers and emergency school closings. Can I have a motion for a D through Q? Jody and Lisa. Any discussion? All those in favor? Action agenda. Um, we're just going to group these together. Can I have a motion for A through H? Do you think Ken? Any discussion? I just had one quick question. Okay. Sorry. Do we utilize the um the teacher of the visually impaired services? Is that Do we have students that utilize that or is that just something that we have here as needed? Uh are we currently using it? Anybody recall? Jess want to say fiscally? I don't remember seeing it. So I think it's as needed. Sorry. That's

039how the contract's listed, correct? Yeah, I think so. It looks like it's listed as as a billboard per 30 minutes and evaluation. Correct. Sorry, I don't have a clearer answer for you. It's not a specific student or service is not jumping out at me right at the moment. No. Any other questions? Nope. Okay, cool. All those in favor. Personnel. All appointments are subject to change in compensation proation pending emergency school closings and required reductions in force. All coaching appointments are made pending this 15 times are made pending completion and verification of all required coaching credentials with a statement per FEA contract commence and experience and no other salary or benefit. All coaching extracurricular appointments are subject to reduction in compensation appropriation pending final student enrollment numbers impending the outcome of any potential mergers and emergency

040school closings. We're going to go through these one by one. Um can I have a motion for a leave of absence for Miss SMCO, Tim and Jody? Any discussion? All those in favor? B, teaching assistant A. Chadwick. Can I have a motion? Jody and Lisa. Any discussion? All those in favor? See, summer academy teacher aid a Merchland. Um, can I have a motion? Jody and Ken. Any discussion? All those in favor? Resignation of USD, huh? USD. Okay. Teachers aid a March 1. Um, can I have a motion for Lisa and Ken? Any discussion? All those in favor? Resignation C. Aken. Um, I have a motion. Jody and Ken. Any discussion? All those in favor? Civil service removal of K. Curry. Can I have a motion for this? Jod and Tim. Um, any discussion? All those

041in favor? Tenure of S. Connelly. Can I have a motion for that? Lisa and Ken. Any discussion? All those in favor tenure of H Potter. Can I have a motion for that? Tim and Lisa. Any discussion? All those in favor? Tenure of M. Rosenthal. Can I have a motion for this? Motion. Tim and Lisa. Any discussion? All those in favor. So it's four to one. [Music] Tenure of M. Smith. Can I have a motion? Any discussion? Oh, sorry. Ken and Lisa. Do I have to say that one too? It's helpful. Okay. I'm definitely bringing water next time. There's a lot of talking. Um, any discussion? All those in favor? Tenure of S. Taylor. Um, can I have a motion? Sarah Taylor. Second. She's the um I have Jody and Tim discussion. She's the course teacher.

042Yes. No, it was the name on the agenda and then the name on the Yeah. Oh, okay. It's just the last name's different, so I was confused for a moment. I'm good. Um, all those in favor? Yeah. She did. Did she do the No. Yeah. Um, did I just not I do copy and paste? So, if it says something different from my thing to like the actual spell out, then you're just a mistake. My mistake comes. It could be coming. Um, Sarah Smith. Yeah, just Yeah, you're just looking down. Couple more. The TOSA assignment for Shauna Brown. No, um, can I have a motion for this? Lisa and Tim, any discussion? I'm so excited about this. I think she's going to do amazing. Um, all those in favor, I need a motion for sub cleaner

043A. Bose. Ken and Lisa. Any discussion? All those in favor? Sub cleaner J. Boucher. Can I have a motion? Ken and Lisa. Any discussion? All those in favor? Um, sub cleaner for Rowan Brown Noble. Um, have a motion for him. Jody and Ken. Any discussion? All those in favor? I love all these kids. Nice. Um, special education teacher K. Cook. Can I have a motion for her? Oh, I can't motion. Sorry. Jody and Lisa. Um, any discussion? All those in favor? Um, physical education health teacher J. Rat. Can I have a motion? Lisa and Tim. Any discussion? All those in favor? Resignation of W. Gray. Can I have a motion? Ken and Jody. Any discussion? All those in favor. Any public comment? No. Um, we already did our executive session. Um, can I have a

044motion to adjourn the meeting? Jody and Ken. All those in favor? 8:19. Oh, nice. A little wimpy. Nice drop. There we go.

This transcript may contain errors introduced by automated or source-provided captioning. Bracketed descriptions such as [Music] are retained from the source. Passage divisions are editorial aids and do not alter the wording.